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Punch Line/ Tag Line Associated with Products / Companies - P and R








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Punch Lines / Tag Lines of the Company/ Products/ Organisation starting with Letter "P and R" 









Logo Company/
Products/
Organization 
CategoryPunch Line / Tag Line 
Panasonic Consumer Electronics Ideas for Life 
Pantaloons Retail Chain store Fresh Fashion 
Paramount Airway Airlines A world of difference 
Philips Consumer Electronics Sense and simplicity 
Platinum Fashion Accessory Its who you are
Polaris IT Live your dream 
Puduchery/
Pondicherry 
Tourism Promotion Give time a break 
Power Finance Corp Power Services Funding For A Brighter Tomorrow 
Punjab National Bank Banking The name you can bank on. 




Logo Company/
Products/
Organization 
CategoryPunch Line / Tag Line 
Radio Mirchi FM Radio It's hot! 
Rajasthan Tourism Promotion The Grand Canvas / Simply colorful 
Raymond Textile Maker The complete Man 
Raymond Park Avenue Apparel Brand Belong 
Raymond Parx Apparel Brand Simply Irresistible 
Reid and Taylor Apparel Brand Bond with the Best 
Reliance Industries Petrochemicals Growth in Life 
Rolls Royce Automaker Trusted to deliver excellence 




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Basic Economic Terms list with explanation. Alphabets - J and L


J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z




What is Jobber?
A jobber is an independent dealer in securities. He purchases and sells securities in his own name. He is not allowed to deal with non-members directly.

What is Labour?
All human resources which are available to society for use in the process of production.

What is Labour Costs Per Unit of Output?
Refers to the cost of the labour in real terms which is involved in making each unit of output.

What is Laissez-Faire?
Refers to a policy of non-interference by the State in economic affairs.

What is Lateral Communication?
Communication between departments of an organization that generally follows the work flow rather than the chain of command, and thus provides a direct channel for coordination and problem solving.

What is Lateral Integration?
This occurs when a firm branches or absorbs other businesses engaged in producing commodities related in same way to its own main products.

What is Lease?
The term used for an agreement in which one agent obtains the right of use of some property owned by another agent for a given period of time in return for an agreed fixed charge (which is generally paid in periodic instalments).

What is Letter of Credit?
A document which is issued by a bank on behalf of a customer which guarantees payment by the bank of cheques drawn by the customer, or more commonly today of bills drawn on that customer by parties from whom he has bought goods. Letters of Credit are used largely in association with bills of exchange, to which they give added security in the financing of foreign trade.

What is Letter of Hypothecation?
The term used for a letter from an exporter to his bank authorizing it, in the event of the importer failing to accept or pay a bill of exchange, to sell the goods exported and remit the proceeds less expenses.

What is Liabilities?
Refers to any claims, actual or potential, of an individual or institution. The term usually refers to financial liabilities of which the commonest form has been a debt of any kind. Thus, some deposits, which are banker's debts, are commonly termed as 'deposit liabilities'.

What is Lien?
Means a claim against property. A bond is usually secured by a lien against specified property of the company.

What is LIFO (Last In, First Out)?
This is a method of costing adopted by firms which carry many items of stock of the same kind bought at different times and at different prices as shown in the books. Under the more common FIFO system, it is assumed that whenever an item is sold it was the first to be purchased, whereas under the LIFO system it is assumed to have been purchased last.

What is Limited Liability?
Means the restriction of an owner's loss in a business to the extent of the capital that he has invested in it.

What is Line Organisation?
Line organisation refers to a direct chain of command from top to bottom. Here, the lines of direction are straight and vertical. Every superior has complete command over his subordinates and every subordinate is directly accountable to only one superior immediately above him.

What is Liquid Assets?
Means assets either in the form of money or which can be quickly converted into money.

What is Liquidation (Winding Up)?
Refers to the process where-by the existence of a company gets terminated, its property having been realized and distributed among its creditors and in the event of a surplus, among its members.

What is Liquidity?
The term indicates availability of cash, and of assets readily convertible into cash (called liquid assets), to meet immediate obligations; a volume of reserves plus credit facilities, reflected in an ability to meet current financial liabilities in cash.


J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z


Basic Economic Terms list with explanation. Alphabets - I




J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

What is Idle Money?
An inactive money that does not contribute to productive assets in an economy. It results from what Keynes called Liquidity Preference i.e.; the desire to hold money rather than risk it on interest-earning assets, or goods which may have little utility.


What is Income Tax?
Personal income tax is levied on individuals by the Central Government and the proceeds are shared between the Centre and the States. The income tax is progressive; that is, the tax rate is not uniform but rises progressively with the rise in money income.


What is Infrastructure?
Services which are regarded as essential for the creation of a modern economy; e.g.; power, transport, housing, education, health services.


What is Insolvent?
Means the state of being unable to pay one?s debts.


What is Interest?
A payment by a borrower for the use of a sum of money for a period of time. It is the reward for the use of capital in the process of production.


What is Intermediate Goods?
The goods which find use at some point in the production process of other goods, rather than final consumption.


What is Inventory?
The raw materials, work in progress and finished goods in organization maintained to meet its operational needs. A term used for the quantity of stock held by a business.


What is Invoice?
A document used in business giving a complete summary of a transaction involving the sale of 
goods.





J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Basic Economic Terms list with explanation. Alphabets - H




J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

What is Hedge?
Any action taken by a buyer / seller to protect his interest by spreading / lowering risk due to a change in price.


What is Hierarchy?
The line of authority in an organization that runs in order of rank from top management to the lowest level of the enterprise.


What is Horizontal Integration?
With reference to the structure of an industry it is the tendency to specialize in single processes instead of undertaking the entire production of the commodity from start to finish.


What is Hot Money?
Money that moves across country/borders in response to interest rate differences and that, which moves away when the interest rate differential disappears.


What is Hypermarket?
A hypermarket is a multi-brand, multi-department store under one roof meant to offer cost-effective shopping for household requirements.


What is Hypothecation?
Refers to the pledging of securities as collateral; for example to secure the debit balance in a margin account.


J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Basic Economic Terms list with explanation. Alphabets - G




J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z


What is Goal?
The purpose that an organization strives to achieve. Organizations often have more than one goal.


What is Goods?
A Tangible Product, which is possible of getting delivered to the Buyer/Purchaser from the Seller with an transfer of ownership from the seller to the purchaser.


What is Gross domestic product (GDP)?
The total goods and services produced by a Country over a period given, usually 1 year.
Gross Domestic Product measures the total output from all the resources located in a country, wherever the owners of the resources live.


What is Gross national product (GNP)?
GNP is the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year, plus income earned by its citizens abroad, minus income earned by foreigners from domestic production.



J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z



Basic Economic Terms list with explanation. Alphabets - F




J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z



What is Face Value?
Means the nominal value, as distinct from the market value, of a security (bond/share). The value written on a coin or a bank note is also termed as face value.


What is Factors of Production?
The resources required for production. The four factors of production are Land, Labour, Capital and Entrepreneur (Organization). Factors of production are resources required for production.


What is Factor Income?
Income accruing to factors of production ? rent for land, wage for labour, interest for capital, & profit for organizer.


What is Fiat Money?
Money which the State declares to be legal tender.


What is Finance?
The term is applicable to funds from almost any source which is used to undertake any kind of expenditure.


What is Finished Goods?
Refers to the goods, which are used for the purpose of consumption and not utilized as inputs by the firms in the process of production.


What is Fiscal Policy?
Generally refers to the use of taxation and government expenditure for regulating the aggregate level of economic activity.


What is Fixed Assets?
Includes the monetary value of the company?splant, equipment, property, patents, and other items used on a continuing basis to produce its goods and services.


What is Fixed Cost?
Refers to the production costs which tend to be unaffected by variations in the volume of output.


What is F.O.B. (Free on Board)?
Term used of goods shipped where the price does not include shipping and insurance charges; opposite to C.I.F. An F.O.B. quotation implies that the exporter will deliver the goods free on board a ship in accordance with the contract at the port named; he pays all expenses up to that point. From there on, the buyer must take responsibility, paying for freight, insurance, and all subsequent expenses


What is Forward Market?
A Forward market transaction involves a contract to buy or sell commodities, or securities at a fixed future date at a price agreed in a contract.


What is Franchise?
A type of licensing arrangement in which an organization sells a package containing a trademark, equipment, materials, services owned by another organization.


What is Free Market?
Refers to a market in which there is an absence of intervention by government and where the process of demand and supply are permitted to operate freely.





J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Basic Economic Terms list with explanation. Alphabets - E


J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z



What is Easy Money?
Refers to a general state of ease and cheapness of borrowing in the financial system. It may result from policy action to reduce interest rates, increase liquidity of the banking system, release any non-price restrictions on lending like credit ceilings and restrictive conditions on hire-purchase contracts.


What is Economic Growth?
The rate of expansion of the national income or total value of production of goods and services of a country.


What is Economies of Scale?
Refers to the reduction in the average cost of a product in the long run, resulting from an expanded level of output. They are also known as ?long run increasing returns?.


What is Elasticity?
The degree of responsiveness of demand or supply to a change of price. Elasticity may be defined as a measure of the percentage change in one variable in respect of a percentage change in another variable.


What is Elasticity of Demand?
Means the response of demand to a change in the price of commodity. If the price rises, the amount demanded normally decreases.


What is Elasticity of Supply?
Means the response of supply to a change in the price of commodity. If the price rises, the quantity demanded normally increases.


What is Entrepreneur?
The term used for the organizing factor in production. Entrepreneurs are responsible for such economic decisions as what to produce, how much to produce and what method of production to adopt.


What is Equity?
Another name for ownership; often used to describe a share in a company.


What is Exchange?
Exchange is the act of obtaining a desired product from someone by offering something in return.


What is Excise Duties?
Taxes on home produced goods to raise revenue, as distinct from customs duties which are taxes on imports not primarily imposed to raise revenue. Excise duties may be imposed either to raise revenue or to check the consumption of the commodities on which they are imposed.


What is Export?
The term used for a goods/service which is produced in one country and sold to a consumer in another.


What is Easy Money?
Refers to a general state of ease and cheapness of borrowing in the financial system. It may result from policy action to reduce interest rates, increase liquidity of the banking system, release any non-price restrictions on lending like credit ceilings and restrictive conditions on hire-purchase contracts.


What is Economic Growth?
The rate of expansion of the national income or total value of production of goods and services of a country.


What is Economies of Scale?
Refers to the reduction in the average cost of a product in the long run, resulting from an expanded level of output. They are also known as ?long run increasing returns?.


What is Elasticity?
The degree of responsiveness of demand or supply to a change of price. Elasticity may be defined as a measure of the percentage change in one variable in respect of a percentage change in another variable.


What is Elasticity of Demand?
Means the response of demand to a change in the price of commodity. If the price rises, the amount demanded normally decreases.


What is Elasticity of Supply?
Means the response of supply to a change in the price of commodity. If the price rises, the quantity demanded normally increases.


What is Entrepreneur?
The term used for the organizing factor in production. Entrepreneurs are responsible for such economic decisions as what to produce, how much to produce and what method of production to adopt.


What is Equity?
Another name for ownership; often used to describe a share in a company.


What is Exchange?
Exchange is the act of obtaining a desired product from someone by offering something in return.


What is Excise Duties?
Taxes on home produced goods to raise revenue, as distinct from customs duties which are taxes on imports not primarily imposed to raise revenue. Excise duties may be imposed either to raise revenue or to check the consumption of the commodities on which they are imposed.


What is Export?
The term used for a goods/service which is produced in one country and sold to a consumer in another.





J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z